To what extent did Allied strategic bombing have significant strategic Essay

To what extent did Allied strategic bombing have significant strategic effects on the successful outcome of the war (WWII) Did this Allied employment of air p - Essay Example nge of strategy in the later stages of the war was also responsible for the attainment of the political objectives of the war - to cripple Germany and destroy her continued occupation of territories in Europe, including her attacks on Britain. What Britain was unable to achieve on the political front in arresting German occupation of Europe, was however achieved through the change in the strategic bombing policy of the allied forces. Strategic bombing by allied air power was the decisive factor that led to victory for the allies in World War II. The change in the British war policies and the bombing effort was the direct effort of political pressures. One of these was the growing tide of British public opinion in favor of bombing of German cities, in the aftermath of 1940, when France fell to Germany. Another significant reason for the shift in policy to direct bombing of German cities was the pressure exerted by Stalin on the British, to open up a second front to allow for some relief on the German-Soviet frontlines. However, Clausewitz’s abstract theory of war is based upon the premise that war commanders must decide at the outset â€Å"the kind of war on which they are embarking†2 and politics and war cannot be mingled with each other; policy should not be the guiding force that influences military operations. If one looks at the political objectives of strategic bombing as the twin destruction of a country’s will to fight as well as its ability to produce materiel, the Allied missions between 1942 a nd 1944 were the hammer blows on German industry and morale. Had the Allies not developed their long-range fighters, or had they not decided to move their targets to large cities instead of small, industrial targets, the outcome might have been much different, even with the addition of the Eastern Front. This entailed a change in war policy that was directly the result of political pressures, disproving the notion that politics and war cannot be mingled with

The Statements by the ARCIC and BEM on Eucharist Essay

The Statements by the ARCIC and BEM on Eucharist - Essay Example Such changes can be indentified in the subsequent revisions of the order of masses, the change in common catholic and Anglican traditional and custom practices as well as the liberty and freedom of religion and worship that has changed over time (Miller, 2002). It is through such changes that the common doctrines have changed and so the connection and relationship of the conventional catholic and Anglican Church to the original church that was left when Christ ascended have changed too (Jeanes, 2008). Following the consecration of one Robison, a homosexual by the Anglican Church as a bishop, and the ordination of women as to participate in Anglican Communion, the sexuality issue became a significant point of contention between the two churches (Miller, 2002 p302). Whether the sacrifice of Eucharist should be administered to the dead was another point of disagreement (WCC, 1982). While according to the historical traditions of the Catholic Church, it can be administered while the Angl ican Church held a different viewpoint. Adoration of the Eucharist by Christians as a custom of the Catholic Church seemed unpopular with the Anglican Church (Dennis, 1998). ... The statements served to clear and iron out these differences and create a commonality on the religious ground of the two churches. The doctrines and practices observed by the two churches have ever since the provision of these statements changed. The doctrines and practices that were harmonised include the art of baptism, the relevance of Holy Mary in the lives of individual Christians and the art of administration of the Eucharist and the Holy Communion (Miller, 2002 p121). This has seen many changes being effected to accommodate the practices of the Anglican Church in Catholicism. A good illustration being the proposal that the Anglican church can rejoin and get united with the Catholic church, while preserving their structures (Bradshaw, 2004). The Anglican Church priests were allowed to join the Catholic Church and still maintain their marriage status, very contrary to the Catholic doctrines that requires that priests should observe the fundamental principle of celibacy. Another way in which the provision of these statements transformed the history of theology is the observance of the conversion of bread and wine as a symbolic representation of the body of Jesus Christ (Jeanes, 2008 p32). This is because, the Anglican Church used to administer the Eucharist but not observe the bread and wine as the body and blood of Jesus. While the Anglican doctrines did not recognize the role of the pope, the provision of the statements through agreements by both churches, causing the call for a reunion of the churches means that that the Anglican Church has to recognize the pope as the head of the Church. The Anglicans theological history was changed to accommodate the role of mother Mary in the prayer life of the Christians (Miller, 2002 p315). On the side of the Catholic